MBE Rules · Wills, Trusts & Estates

Revocation by Physical Act

Cal. Prob. Code § 6120

The rule

A will is revoked in whole or in part by burning, tearing, canceling, obliterating, or destroying the will with the intent to revoke, done by the testator or by another person in the testator's presence and by the testator's direction.

In plain English

A will can be revoked if the testator physically destroys it, like by burning or tearing it, with the clear intention of revoking it. This destruction can be done by the testator themselves or by someone else, as long as the testator is present and directs the action.

Worked example

Jane has a will that leaves her estate to her children. One day, feeling differently about her wishes, she tears the will in half in front of her friend, clearly stating that she wants to revoke it. The will is considered revoked due to her physical act of destruction and intent.

Memory hook

Tear it to revoke it - intent and action go hand in hand!

The trap

Exams may present scenarios where a will is partially destroyed, leading students to misinterpret the intent or the completeness of the revocation. Watch for ambiguity in the testator's intentions.

How examiners test it

Questions often involve fact patterns where a will is physically altered or destroyed, requiring candidates to analyze the testator's intent and the circumstances surrounding the act.

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