MBE Rules · Contracts

Implied Contracts

Implied-in-fact vs. implied-in-law

The rule

Implied-in-fact contracts are true agreements inferred from conduct; implied-in-law (quasi) contracts are restitutionary fictions imposed to prevent unjust enrichment regardless of intent.

In plain English

Implied contracts are agreements that aren't written or spoken but are understood through the actions of the parties involved. There are two types: implied-in-fact contracts, which arise from the behavior of the parties, and implied-in-law contracts, which are created by law to prevent one party from being unfairly enriched at the expense of another.

Worked example

A homeowner hires a contractor to paint their house, and the contractor begins the work without a formal agreement. The homeowner pays the contractor after the job is completed, leading to an implied-in-fact contract based on their conduct. The contractor is entitled to payment for the work done.

Memory hook

Implied contracts: agreements from actions, not words.

The trap

Exams may confuse students by presenting scenarios where the parties did not explicitly agree, leading them to overlook the implications of their conduct. Students might mistakenly think a formal contract is necessary for enforcement.

How examiners test it

Questions often present fact patterns where parties interact without a formal agreement, testing the candidate's ability to identify implied contracts based on conduct or the need for restitution.

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