MBE Rules · Contracts

Prevention and Hindrance

Prevention doctrine

The rule

A party who wrongfully prevents or hinders the occurrence of a condition cannot rely on its nonoccurrence; the condition is excused and good-faith cooperation is implied.

In plain English

If one party to a contract deliberately prevents or makes it difficult for a condition to happen, they cannot use that failure to avoid their obligations under the contract. The law assumes that the condition is excused, and both parties are expected to cooperate in good faith.

Worked example

Party A agrees to sell a car to Party B, contingent upon Party B securing financing. However, Party A intentionally provides misleading information to Party B's bank, causing the financing to fall through. Party A cannot claim that the financing condition was not met to avoid the sale.

Memory hook

You can't block the door and then complain it's locked.

The trap

Exams may present scenarios where a party's actions seem passive, leading students to overlook the wrongful prevention aspect. Students might mistakenly think the condition's nonoccurrence is valid without considering the party's intent.

How examiners test it

Questions often involve a scenario where one party's actions or inactions lead to the failure of a condition, testing the candidate's understanding of wrongful prevention and its implications on contract obligations.

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