MBE Rules · Torts

Transferred intent

The rule

Intent transfers between (1) intended and unintended victims AND (2) the five intentional torts: battery, assault, false imprisonment, trespass to land, trespass to chattels. Does NOT apply to IIED or conversion.

In plain English

If you mean to harm one person but accidentally harm someone else, or commit a different intentional tort, you're still responsible.

Worked example

The defendant throws a rock intending to hit Person A but misses and hits Person B instead. The defendant is liable to Person B for battery.

Memory hook

Intent hops like a frog. Jump from victim to victim or tort to tort, but not to IIED or conversion.

The trap

Students think: Intent only transfers between people. Wrong, because it also transfers between torts. The actual test is both victim and tort transferability.

How examiners test it

The MBE loves: defendant aims to hit A, misses and hits B. Trap: students assume intent doesn't transfer to different tort; remember, it does for the five intentional torts.

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